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Ptasie mleczko
Ptasie Mleczko (Polish) is a soft chocolate-covered candy filled with soft meringue (or milk soufflé).〔''Candy That's Dandy''. Rick Kogan. Chicago Tribune. MAGAZINE; ZONE: C; SIDEWALKS.; Pg. 6. February 11, 2001.〕 In Russian it is called ptichye moloko (птичье молоко) and in Romanian lapte de pasăre. All these names literally mean "bird's milk" or crop milk, a substance somewhat resembling milk, produced by certain birds to feed their young. However, this is not the origin of the name; rather, "bird's milk" is an idiom of ancient Greek origin meaning "an unobtainable delicacy" (compare English: "hen's teeth").〔Daniela Dueck. ''Bird’s Milk in Samos: Strabo’s Use of Geographical Proverbs and Proverbial expressions.'' Scripta Classica Israelica, 23 (2004) 41-56.〕
In Poland it is one of the most recognized chocolate confectionery having exclusive rights in Poland for the name — other confectionery producers also make similar candies but named differently (e.g. ''Alpejskie mleczko'', "Alpine milk"). Nonetheless, ''Ptasie mleczko'' is often used to refer similar candies with vanilla, cream, lemon or chocolate taste. The phrase ''Ptasie mleczko'' is a registered trademark in the EU, number 00334752291.
In Russia ''ptichye moloko'' is both a popular candy and a famous soufflé cake. The brand was introduced in the Soviet times and is nowadays used by the companies operating the factories which produced these candies and cakes since that time. The candies are also produced in other post-Soviet states, in particular in Belarus, Ukraine, and Moldova.
==Origin of the name==
The concept of avian milk (, ''ornithon gala'') stretches back to ancient Greece. Aristophanes uses "the milk of the birds" in the plays ''The Birds''〔Aristophanes. ''The Birds'', (1670 ). Pisthetaerus, a citizen of Athens, tells to Heracles: ''Do you want to fight? Why, be on my side, I will make you a king and will feed you on bird's milk and honey''.〕 and ''The Wasps''〔Aristophanes. ''The Wasps'', (508 ). Translated in English as "the most exquisite dishes". Greek original: (508 ).〕 as a proverbial rarity. The expression is also found in Strabo's ''Geographica'' where the island of Samos is described as a ''blest country'' to which ''those who praise it do not hesitate to apply the proverb that "it produces even bird's milk" (φέρει καί ὀρνίθων γάλα)''.〔〔Strabo. ''Geographica''. (14 - 1 - 15 ). Original text: Γεωγραφικά, ΙΔ. 〕 A similar expression ''lac gallinaceum'' (Latin for "chicken's milk") was also later used by Petronius (38.1) and Pliny the Elder (Plin. ''Nat.'' pr. 24) as a term for a great rarity. The idiom became later common in many languages and appeared in Slavic folk tales.〔(Птичье молоко. Фразеологизмы. ) Справочная служба русского языка Белгородской государственной универсальной научной библиотеки (in Russian).〕〔Александр Афанасьев. ''Народные русские сказки''. 1855—1863. (Заклятый царевич ). (Alexander Afanasyev. ''Russian Fairy Tales''. 1855—1863, in Russian)〕 In one such tale the beautiful princess tests the ardor and resourcefulness of her suitor by sending him out into the wilderness to find and bring back the one fantastical luxury she does not have: bird's milk.〔 In the fairy tale ''Little Hare'' by Aleksey Remizov (who wrote many imitattions of traditional Slavic folk tales) the magic bird Gagana produces milk.〔Aleksey Remizov. ''Posolon'' (1909). Complete Works. Russkaya kniga, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2000-2002, vol. 2, p. (75 ) (in Russian)〕
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